OVERVIEW

A number of conditions, including trauma, inflammation, incontinence, overactive bladder, renal impairments, neurological disorders (like spinal cord injury or spina bifida) and cancer, require bladder augmentation. For almost a century now, the majority of cystoplasties utilize bowel segments (enterocystoplasty). The vision of the UroPrint consortium is to laser print fully functional immunocompatible urothelial tissue ex vivo and in vivo for bladder augmentation and replacement.